Ligthart, SymenSymenLigthartVaez, AhmadAhmadVaezVosa, UrmoUrmoVosaStathopoulou, Maria GMaria GStathopouloude Vries, Paul SPaul Sde VriesPrins, Bram PBram PPrinsVan der Most, Peter JPeter JVan der MostTanaka, ToshikoToshikoTanakaNaderi, ElnazElnazNaderiRose, Lynda MLynda MRoseWu, YingYingWuKarlsson, RobertRobertKarlssonBarbalic, MajaMajaBarbalicLin, HonghuangHonghuangLinPool, ReneRenePoolZhu, GuGuZhuMace, AurelienAurelienMaceSidore, CarloCarloSidoreTrompet, StellaStellaTrompetMangino, MassimoMassimoManginoSabater-Lleal, MariaMariaSabater-LlealKemp, John PJohn PKempAbbasi, AliAliAbbasiKacprowski, TimTimKacprowskiVerweij, NiekNiekVerweijSmith, Albert VAlbert VSmithHuang, TaoTaoHuangMarzi, CarolaCarolaMarziFeitosa, Mary FMary FFeitosaLohman, Kurt KKurt KLohmanKleber, Marcus EMarcus EKleberMilaneschi, YuriYuriMilaneschiMueller, ChristianChristianMuellerHuq, MahmudulMahmudulHuqVlachopoulou, EfthymiaEfthymiaVlachopoulouLyytikainen, Leo-PekkaLeo-PekkaLyytikainenOldmeadow, ChristopherChristopherOldmeadowDeelen, JorisJorisDeelenPerola, MarkusMarkusPerolaZhao, Jing HuaJing HuaZhaoFeenstra, BjarkeBjarkeFeenstraAmini, MarzyehMarzyehAminiLahti, JariJariLahtiSchraut, Katharina EKatharina ESchrautFornage, MyriamMyriamFornageSuktitipat, BhoomBhoomSuktitipatChen, Wei-MinWei-MinChenLi, XiaohuiXiaohuiLiNutile, TeresaTeresaNutileMalerba, GiovanniGiovanniMalerbaLuan, Jian'anJian'anLuanBak, TomTomBakSchork, NicholasNicholasSchorkDel Greco M, FabiolaFabiolaDel Greco MThiering, ElisabethElisabethThieringMahajan, AnubhaAnubhaMahajanMarioni, Riccardo ERiccardo EMarioniMihailov, EvelinEvelinMihailovEriksson, JoelJoelErikssonOzel, Ayse BilgeAyse BilgeOzelZhang, WeihuaWeihuaZhangNethander, MariaMariaNethanderCheng, Yu-ChingYu-ChingChengAslibekyan, StellaStellaAslibekyanAng, WeiWeiAngGandin, IlariaIlariaGandinYengo, LoicLoicYengoPortas, LauraLauraPortasKooperberg, CharlesCharlesKooperbergHofer, EdithEdithHoferRajan, Kumar BKumar BRajanSchurmann, ClaudiaClaudiaSchurmannden Hollander, WouterWouterden HollanderAhluwalia, Tarunveer STarunveer SAhluwaliaZhao, JingJingZhaoDraisma, Harmen H MHarmen H MDraismaFord, IanIanFordTimpson, NicholasNicholasTimpsonTeumer, AlexanderAlexanderTeumerHuang, HongyanHongyanHuangWahl, SimoneSimoneWahlLiu, YongMeiYongMeiLiuHuang, JieJieHuangUh, Hae-WonHae-WonUhGeller, FrankFrankGellerJoshi, Peter KPeter KJoshiYanek, Lisa RLisa RYanekTrabetti, ElisabettaElisabettaTrabettiLehne, BenjaminBenjaminLehneVozzi, DiegoDiegoVozziVerbanck, MarieMarieVerbanckBiino, GinevraGinevraBiinoSaba, YasamanYasamanSabaMeulenbelt, IngridIngridMeulenbeltO'Connell, Jeff RJeff RO'ConnellLaakso, MarkkuMarkkuLaaksoGiulianini, FrancoFrancoGiulianiniMagnusson, Patrik K EPatrik K EMagnussonBallantyne, Christie MChristie MBallantyneHottenga, Jouke JanJouke JanHottengaMontgomery, Grant WGrant WMontgomeryRivadineira, FernandoFernandoRivadineiraRueedi, RicoRicoRueediSteri, MaristellaMaristellaSteriHerzig, Karl-HeinzKarl-HeinzHerzigStott, David JDavid JStottMenni, CristinaCristinaMenniFranberg, MattiasMattiasFranbergSt Pourcain, BeateBeateSt PourcainFelix, Stephan BStephan BFelixPers, Tune HTune HPersBakker, Stephan J LStephan J LBakkerKraft, PeterPeterKraftPeters, AnnetteAnnettePetersVaidya, DhananjayDhananjayVaidyaDelgado, GracielaGracielaDelgadoSmit, Johannes HJohannes HSmitGrossmann, VeraVeraGrossmannSinisalo, JuhaJuhaSinisaloSeppala, IlkkaIlkkaSeppalaWilliams, Stephen RStephen RWilliamsHolliday, Elizabeth GElizabeth GHollidayMoed, MatthijsMatthijsMoedLangenberg, ClaudiaClaudiaLangenbergRaikkonen, KatriKatriRaikkonenDing, JingzhongJingzhongDingCampbell, HarryHarryCampbellSale, Michele MMichele MSaleChen, Yii-Der IYii-Der IChenJames, Alan LAlan LJamesRuggiero, DanielaDanielaRuggieroSoranzo, NicoleNicoleSoranzoHartman, Catharina ACatharina AHartmanSmith, Erin NErin NSmithBerenson, Gerald SGerald SBerensonFuchsberger, ChristianChristianFuchsbergerHernandez, DenaDenaHernandezTiesler, Carla M TCarla M TTieslerGiedraitis, VilmantasVilmantasGiedraitisLiewald, DavidDavidLiewaldFischer, KristaKristaFischerMellstrom, DanDanMellstromLarsson, AndersAndersLarssonWang, YunmeiYunmeiWangScott, William RWilliam RScottLorentzon, MatthiasMatthiasLorentzonBeilby, JohnJohnBeilbyRyan, Kathleen AKathleen ARyanPennell, Craig ECraig EPennellVuckovic, DraganaDraganaVuckovicBalkau, BeverlyBeverlyBalkauConcas, Maria PinaMaria PinaConcasSchmidt, ReinholdReinholdSchmidtMendes de Leon, Carlos FCarlos FMendes de LeonBottinger, Erwin PErwin PBottingerKloppenburg, MargreetMargreetKloppenburgPaternoster, LaviniaLaviniaPaternosterBoehnke, MichaelMichaelBoehnkeMusk, A WA WMuskWillemsen, GonnekeGonnekeWillemsenEvans, David MDavid MEvansMadden, Pamela A FPamela A FMaddenKahonen, MikaMikaKahonenKutalik, ZoltanZoltanKutalikZoledziewska, MagdalenaMagdalenaZoledziewskaKarhunen, VilleVilleKarhunenKritchevsky, Stephen BStephen BKritchevskySattar, NaveedNaveedSattarLachance, GenevieveGenevieveLachanceClarke, RobertRobertClarkeHarris, Tamara BTamara BHarrisRaitakari, Olli TOlli TRaitakariAttia, John RJohn RAttiavan Heemst, DianaDianavan HeemstKajantie, EeroEeroKajantieSorice, RossellaRossellaSoriceGambaro, GiovanniGiovanniGambaroScott, Robert ARobert AScottHicks, Andrew AAndrew AHicksFerrucci, LuigiLuigiFerrucciStandl, MarieMarieStandlLindgren, Cecilia MCecilia MLindgrenStarr, John MJohn MStarrKarlsson, MagnusMagnusKarlssonLind, LarsLarsLindLi, Jun ZJun ZLiChambers, John CJohn CChambersMori, Trevor ATrevor AMoride Geus, Eco J C NEco J C Nde GeusHeath, Andrew CAndrew CHeathMartin, Nicholas GNicholas GMartinAuvinen, JuhaJuhaAuvinenBuckley, Brendan MBrendan MBuckleyde Craen, Anton J MAnton J Mde CraenWaldenberger, MelanieMelanieWaldenbergerStrauch, KonstantinKonstantinStrauchMeitinger, ThomasThomasMeitingerScott, Rodney JRodney JScottMcEvoy, MarkMarkMcEvoyBeekman, MarianMarianBeekmanBombieri, CristinaCristinaBombieriRidker, Paul MPaul MRidkerMohlke, Karen LKaren LMohlkePedersen, Nancy LNancy LPedersenMorrison, Alanna CAlanna CMorrisonBoomsma, Dorret IDorret IBoomsmaWhitfield, John BJohn BWhitfieldStrachan, David PDavid PStrachanHofman, AlbertAlbertHofmanVollenweider, PeterPeterVollenweiderCucca, FrancescoFrancescoCuccaJarvelin, Marjo-RiittaMarjo-RiittaJarvelinJukema, J WouterJ WouterJukemaSpector, Tim DTim DSpectorHamsten, AndersAndersHamstenZeller, TanjaTanjaZellerUitterlinden, Andre GAndre GUitterlindenNauck, MatthiasMatthiasNauckGudnason, VilmundurVilmundurGudnasonQi, LuLuQiGrallert, HaraldHaraldGrallertBorecki, Ingrid BIngrid BBoreckiRotter, Jerome IJerome IRotterMarz, WinfriedWinfriedMarzWild, Philipp SPhilipp SWildLokki, Marja-LiisaMarja-LiisaLokkiBoyle, MichaelMichaelBoyleSalomaa, VeikkoVeikkoSalomaaMelbye, MadsMadsMelbyeEriksson, Johan GJohan GErikssonWilson, James FJames FWilsonPenninx, Brenda W J HBrenda W J HPenninxBecker, Diane MDiane MBeckerWorrall, Bradford BBradford BWorrallGibson, GregGregGibsonKrauss, Ronald MRonald MKraussCiullo, MarinaMarinaCiulloZaza, GianluigiGianluigiZazaWareham, Nicholas JNicholas JWarehamOldehinkel, Albertine JAlbertine JOldehinkelPalmer, Lyle JLyle JPalmerMurray, Sarah SSarah SMurrayPramstaller, Peter PPeter PPramstallerBandinelli, StefaniaStefaniaBandinelliHeinrich, JoachimJoachimHeinrichIngelsson, ErikErikIngelssonDeary, Ian JIan JDearyMagi, ReedikReedikMagiVandenput, LiesbethLiesbethVandenputvan der Harst, PimPimvan der HarstDesch, Karl CKarl CDeschKooner, Jaspal SJaspal SKoonerOhlsson, ClaesClaesOhlssonHayward, CarolineCarolineHaywardLehtimaki, TerhoTerhoLehtimakiShuldiner, Alan RAlan RShuldinerArnett, Donna KDonna KArnettBeilin, Lawrence JLawrence JBeilinRobino, AntoniettaAntoniettaRobinoFroguel, PhilippePhilippeFroguelPirastu, MarioMarioPirastuJess, TineTineJessKoenig, WolfgangWolfgangKoenigLoos, Ruth J FRuth J FLoosEvans, Denis ADenis AEvansSchmidt, HelenaHelenaSchmidtSmith, George DaveyGeorge DaveySmithSlagboom, P ElineP ElineSlagboomEiriksdottir, GudnyGudnyEiriksdottirMorris, Andrew PAndrew PMorrisPsaty, Bruce MBruce MPsatyTracy, Russell PRussell PTracyNolte, Ilja MIlja MNolteBoerwinkle, EricEricBoerwinkleVisvikis-Siest, SophieSophieVisvikis-SiestReiner, Alex PAlex PReinerGross, MyronMyronGrossBis, Joshua CJoshua CBisFranke, LudeLudeFrankeFranco, Oscar HOscar HFrancoBenjamin, Emelia JEmelia JBenjaminChasman, Daniel IDaniel IChasmanDupuis, JoseeJoseeDupuisSnieder, HaroldHaroldSniederDehghan, AbbasAbbasDehghanAlizadeh, Behrooz ZBehrooz ZAlizadeh2024-10-142024-10-142018https://knowledge.hpi.de/handle/123456789/4352C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker of chronic low-grade inflammation and is associated with multiple complex diseases. The genetic determinants of chronic inflammation remain largely unknown, and the causal role of CRP in several clinical outcomes is debated. We performed two genome-wide association studies (GWASs), on HapMap and 1000 Genomes imputed data, of circulating amounts of CRP by using data from 88 studies comprising 204,402 European individuals. Additionally, we performed in silico functional analyses and Mendelian randomization analyses with several clinical outcomes. The GWAS meta-analyses of CRP revealed 58 distinct genetic loci (p \textless 5 x 10(-8)). After adjustment for body mass index in the regression analysis, the associations at all except three loci remained. The lead variants at the distinct loci explained up to 7.0\% of the variance in circulating amounts of CRP. We identified 66 gene sets that were organized in two substantially correlated clusters, one mainly composed of immune pathways and the other characterized by metabolic pathways in the liver. Mendelian randomization analyses revealed a causal protective effect of CRP on schizophrenia and a risk-increasing effect on bipolar disorder. Our findings provide further insights into the biology of inflammation and could lead to interventions for treating inflammation and its clinical consequences.article